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Title Causal Inference for Epidemiological Research
Course number 2416
Programme Epidemiologi
Language English
Credits 1.5
Date 2022-10-24 -- 2022-10-28
Responsible KI department Institutionen för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik
Specific entry requirements The students are expected to have taken Epidemiology I, Epidemiology II, Biostatistics I, and Biostatistics II. Exceptions can be made if the students have taken other courses with an equivalent content.
Purpose of the course This course aims to present causal theory and introduces how concepts and methods can be understood within a general methodological framework.
Intended learning outcomes After the course the student will:
- be able to use counterfactuals to express and interpret causal queries
- be able to judge when standard statistical methodology is appropriate for causal inference, and when it is not
- be able to use Directed Acyclic Graphs to describe and analyze complex epidemiological scenarios
- be able to use Instrumental Variables to analyze observational data, with additional help from a skilled statistician
Contents of the course Causal inference from observational data is a key task of biostatistics and of allied sciences such as sociology, education, behavioral sciences, demography, economics, health services research, etc. These disciplines share a methodological framework for causal inference that has been developed over the last decades.

This course presents this unifying causal theory and shows how biostatistical concepts and methods can be understood within this general framework. The course emphasizes conceptualization but also introduces statistical models and methods for causal inference. Specifically, this course strives to a) formally define causal concepts such as causal effect and confounding, b) identify the conditions required to estimate causal effects, and c) use analytical methods that, under those conditions, provide estimates that can be endowed with a causal interpretation. The (causal) methods can be used under less restrictive conditions than the traditional statistical methods. For example, Instrumental Variable methods allow one to estimate the causal effect of an exposure in the presence of unmeasured confounders of the exposure and outcome.
Teaching and learning activities Lectures and group discussions.
Compulsory elements
Examination There will be a take-home exam handed out at the last day of the course. Students who fail will be given the opportunity to write at a maximum 2 re-exams. Dates for the re-exams will be announced later.
Literature and other teaching material Recommended:
- Hernán MA, Robins JM (2020). Causal Inference: What If. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC. http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/faculty/miguel-hernan/causal-inference-book/
- Slides to be handed out during the course.
Number of students 8 - 25
Selection of students Eligible doctoral students will be prioritized according to 1) the relevance of the course syllabus for the applicant’s doctoral project (according to written information), 2) date for registration as a doctoral student (priority given to earlier registration date). To be considered, submit a completed application form. Give all information requested, including a short description of current research training and motivation for attending, as well as an account of previous courses taken.
More information
Additional course leader
Latest course evaluation Course evaluation report
Course responsible Arvid Sjölander
Institutionen för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik
0852483859
Arvid.Sjolander@ki.se
Contact person Gunilla Nilsson Roos
Institutionen för medicinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik
08-524 822 93
gunilla.nilsson.roos@ki.se